Mauritania weather is classified as Saharan, with very hot and arid conditions. The influence of the northeastern trade winds which constantly blow in from the north, and for the most part of the year throughout the whole of the country have an immense influence on the overall disposition of Mauritania weather.
The drying outcome produced by these winds is enhanced by the harmattan, a hot, dry wind that blows from the northeast or east. Precipitation occurs due to the rain-filled southwesterly winds, which increasingly broaden throughout the southern regions of the country at the peak of the summer season.
Mauritania weather is hot and dry with virtually no rain. However in the south, precipitation is elevated with a rainy season which commences from July right through to September. The deserts are cooler and gusty in March and April.
Temperatures in the coastal regions, which is predominantly dry, are moderated by the trade winds, while average daily high temperatures at Nouadhibou for January stand at 26° C, and for October 32° C.
The length of the rainy season, in addition to the total annual amount of precipitation, lessens increasingly from south to north. As a result, Sélibabi in the far south receives about 635 mm between June and October; Kiffa, in the far north, receives about 355 mm between mid-June and mid-October; Tidjikdja receives about 180 mm between July and September; Atar receives 7 inches between mid-July and September; and Nouâdhibou receives between between 25 and 50 mm, usually between September and November. Because of conflict amid the wet southwesterly and the harmattan, precipitation often presents itself in the form of stormy showers.
Mauritania weather is influenced by the power of the sun and the lack of fog in these latitudes resulting in high temperatures. In the summer months, Mauritania weather is such that afternoon temperatures may reach 36 C in most areas for over 6 months of the year but the evenings are cooler. As a matter of fact conditions are so hot that daily highs in the 44 C are not uncommon in the heart of the country. The average temperature in the coldest month in most regions is 23 C, while the average temperature during the hottest month rises to the 26 C at Nouakchott in September, to 26 C at Kiffa in May, to 26 C at Atar in July, and to 26 C at Néma in May.
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